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2020

Cecilia CURIS - HARMONY - CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN MUSIC-THERAPY AND ERICKSONIAN HYPNOSIS	ABSTRACT The purpose of any therapeutic intervention is to restore the intra and interpersonal balance, assimilated to the notion of harmony. Music and Ericksonian hypnosis share in common the harmony of communication based on repetitiveness and rhythm, but also the metaphorical language that triggers representational processes based on the imaginative capacity of the human psychic. Beyond the scientific character, Ericksonian hypnosis can be considered, the incontestable proof of artistic expression, of creativity in science. Musical psychology represents the bridge between psychotherapeutic practice particularized in this work by Ericksonian hypnosis, and the artistic field. Like a discipline of interface, musical psychology has as main attribute its double membership being equally considered branch of psychology as well as branch of music. Beyond its empirical character, the interdisciplinary character of musical psychology cannot be challenged, making an important contribution to the knowledge of human behaviour in relation to music as well as to the knowledge of human abilities related to musical artistic creativity. The aspect of interest in the context of this article is represented by the anatomy of the psychotherapeutic process in the case of the combination of melotherapy with Ericksonian hypnosis. Keywords: Harmony; Ericksonian hypnosis; Music therapy; Communication; Metaphor; Therapeutic relationship.
Ruxandra-Mihaela ENACHE - THE LESTER HORTON DANCE TECHNIQUE – COGNITION AND MUSICALITY IN DANCE EDUCATION	ABSTRACT Lester Horton was an American dancer, choreographer and teacher who lived, created and taught on the West Coast of the United States of America. He stands alongside Martha Graham, Merge Cunningham and Jose Limon, being the creator of one of the four modern dance training systems. His syllabus borrows elements from classical ballet, yoga, and many poses from the visual arts (sculptures and paintings). The Horton Technique is a very elaborate succession of exercises that create a long, flexible, lean, expressive dancer’s body. Lester Horton had students who later became great artists, such as Bella Lewizky, Carmen de Lavallade, James Truitteand, the most famous of them all, Alvin Ailey. The Horton technique is still being taught today at the Alvin Ailey School and in many other dance schools around the world. It is still one of the most relevant tools in the modern dance vocabulary of movement. Keywords: dance cognition; music and dance; musicality and rhythmicity; dance syllabus; cognition and recognition.
Luminița TOADER, Anca TOADER - MUSIC AND THE DEVELOPMENTOF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CHOREOGRAPHIC PROCESS	ABSTRACT The present study, as the title shows, is intended to be a documented analysis and a retrospect view over revolutionary concepts and new guidelines in the choreographic creation process, which redefine the body language of the dance. This will be realized by recollecting important artistic moments and landmark figures in the choreographic and musical area, which by intuition, intelligence, empathy, hard work and talent, all together had the courage to draw innovative ideas and raise awareness, even to shock the audience, by their new methods, the novel sound of musical scores, the originality of the proposed themes and a new wave of artistic emotions. The aesthetic worth of an artistic act, in this case a creation process, is given by the success of the collaboration between the artists involved whose personal contribution, both physical and mental, becomes defining for the work of art it delivers. Keywords: Music; dance; composer; choreographer; process; emotional intelligence.
Horațiu CHERECHEȘ - COGNITIVE-AFFECTIVE ASPECTS IN THE PROCESS OF CHOREOGRAPHIC CREATION	ABSTRACT The choreographic show is not successful without a perfect collaboration / communication between the dance director and: performers (ballet dancers / dancers), stage designer, conductor (when the music is performed live by an orchestra) and the production stage manager. The creative work with the performers is essential and will be successful only through good communication amongst them in order to transform the choreographic creation into a work of art. While in choosing the distribution of a choreographic performance, the dance director is the coordinator (depending on the technical and artistic competences of the dancers), within the creative work the dancer becomes sovereign. The dancer is nothing less but a "rough diamond" (technical and artistic / emotional) of the work itself. The dance director just needs to know how to "cut and polish" this rough diamond into a valuable piece and this is achieved through communication. Keywords: cognitive-affective, communication, discerning, comprehension, harmony.
Ana GEAMĂNĂ, Diana-Elena SÂRB - MUSICAL EDUCATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVITY IN THE INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT	ABSTRACT Creativity is considered to be a complex personality trait, a general human feature, found in a latent form in all individuals in different quantities. Each individual is creative in his/her way and our (the teacher’s) purpose is to support the pupil throughout the whole educational process, searching for adequate instruments in order to stimulate his/her creativity and define a balanced personality. Forming and developing the creative capacities requires organized and continued actions for stimulation and activation of the creative potential, actions that favor the forming of the pupil’s sensibility and the development of the anticipatory capacity and divergent thinking. In this way, the teacher must assure an educational context which favors the active and interactive learning, using methods, procedures and techniques of efficient learning, having the purpose of developing the pupils’ creative thinking. The current paper presents a psychopedagogical experiment which showcases the modalities of stimulating and developing creativity in an interdisciplinary context, thus contributing to an increased motivation for learning, and also intensifying the relations related to communication and acceptance between all the pupils through common valorization. Keywords: Creativity, musical education, psychopedagogical experiment, interdisciplinarity.
Makkai ZOLTÁN - ASPECTS OF MUSICAL COGNITION IN HIGHSCHOOL STUDENTS. THE QUALITY OF MUSIC PERCEPTION DEPENDING ON VARIOUS TYPES OF MUSICAL TRAINING	ABSTRACT The present research investigates how high school students interpret musical material. The objective of the present research paper is to improve the efficiency of musical auditions, as well as to understand and develop the high school students’ ability to hear music. We have therefore focused on the following experimental contents: the quantitative role of instruments and the qualitative role of timbre in forming the receivers’ aesthetic opinions; the concept of conscious audition; investigation of the effect that musical transformations have on the audiences’ aesthetic decision (by using comparative auditions); recognition of musical character and its interpretation. Keywords: Musical audition, perception, methodology, aesthetics.
Loredana MUNTEAN - MUSIC AND COGNITIVE SKILLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL	ABSTRACT The paper presents a study designed to verify the relationship between music and the cognitive skills of primary school children. In this sense, the first part of the paper brings to the reader’s attention some theoretical ideas regarding the Mozart effect and the relationships between music and mathematics. In the second part of the paper a study is presented aiming to identify whether the classical background music influences the results obtained by students in solving mathematical problems. The paper ends with the conclusions. Keywords: classical music, background music, cognitive skills.
Ion Alexandru ARDEREANU, Iulia ROMAN - MUSICAL EDUCATION - NECESSITY OR ENTERTAINMENT?	ABSTRACT The complementary music education, carried out in private educational institutions is both a new reality of the Romanian cultural landscape and a trend that has undergone an amazing development in recent years. This study aims to answer the question: "music education necessity or entertainment?" starting from a research carried out in such an institution that had as objective the feedback provided by the parents of the students, focused not only on the development of the musical aptitudes of their children but also on the way in which musical education contributes fully to the development of children's personality. Keywords: Music Education, modern trends in Romanian music education, private music education.
Anca Georgiana SIMION - CHILD WELLBEING IN THE EVALUATION PROCESS AT PRIMARY SCHOOL MUSIC CLASSES	ABSTRACT The XXI century has brought a change in the curricular paradigm and the child is the focus of the modeling of the new curriculum almost in all the educational systems. The new skills and competences of this century have been a product of the interaction with the real life necessities and the preparation of the future adult for the challenges of the world. Wellbeing (WB) is a well established syntagma in the daily vocabulary of teachers and policy makers and it focuses on meeting the requirements of the schools and the learning environments for children of all ages. Considering the challenges that educators face when trying to provide children with a suitable learning experience, assessment has a purposeful role in providing feedback for reviewing and constantly improving the learning material. The evaluation process involves the theoretical and practical dynamics achieved with the involvement of the system but also of all the educational actors. The evaluation process is essential in the development of the emotional identity (EI) because the students are main actors in all the dimensions of the educational process, not only in the training process. Thus with this vision all the actors participating in the educational process will be able to practice with meaning and active each component of the learning process met in the formal system. In a sense, we have to construct a participation ratio for all children during a learning class for all class subjects for dimension in the educational process. Some school subjects might be less demanding in terms of assessment; nevertheless, they are needed for fair learning and assessment. Our study centered on the perspective that the pupils have during the Music and Movement (MM) classes in primary school in terms of experience during the learning process and also the evaluation process of their skills. Keywords: music and movement, primary school, emotional identity, classroom assessment.
Rafael FERNANDEZ - TEACHING AT THE UNIVERSITY USING PRIMARY SCHOOL STRAGIES: AN EXPERIENCE AT THE TEACHERS TRAINING DEGREE OF THE UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA	ABSTRACT Speaking about education in the last decades is speaking about meaningful learning. One of the most common critical opinions about it is that the proper space and time to experience it cannot be found. This article relates the experience of teaching using the class structure and the methods used at primary school at the degree of teachers training education at the Universitat de València. Therefore, one can find in it, not only the resources (games, songs, exercises, etc.) inspired by different pedagogical systems, but also the theoretical background that supports them. In addition, an opinion survey about the methodological style, carried out by students of the last year of the degree and specialized in music education, has been done in order to have a significant view of both the processes and the resources worked in the class. According to the answers of the students and the teacher’s perspective it can be said that the idea of bringing to the faculty this kind of strategies can be considered as valid methodology. Keywords: Meaningful learning; primary school; music education.
Iulia TOMA, Mihai POPEAN - MUSCULOSKELETAL ASPECTS IN MEASUREMENT-BASED STUDIES ON PIANISTS’ POSTURE AND MOVEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW	ABSTRACT Various studies are assessing risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders related to piano playing. Inspired by research made on string players, this study is a review of piano/keyboard-related musculoskeletal assessments completed up to August 2019. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL and Medical Problems of Performing Artists (MPPA) databases were interrogated using both various terms that include types of assessment as well as the use of associated types of evaluation. A total of 45 studies were reviewed, 21 of which measured movement and posture assessed by 2-dimensional (2-D) or 3-dimensional (3-D) analysis. Six of the studies focused on instrument-based measurement of factors such as muscular tonus and force as well as pressure and muscle kinetic load. Among the selected studies, 17 used clinical examination such as inspection/palpation, manual ROM, muscle tests, neurological tests and other clinical tests. EMG evaluation and MIDI data were the most represented associated types of assessment. The study identifies and classifies musculoskeletal methods of assessment related to piano playing in the published literature and highlights the need for further research on groups either similar or more specific such as harpsichord or organ players. Keywords: piano playing, musculoskeletal disorders, posture assessment.